JAM: A Tiny Flow-based Song Generator with Fine-grained Controllability and Aesthetic Alignment

TitleJAM: A Tiny Flow-based Song Generator with Fine-grained Controllability and Aesthetic Alignment
Publication TypeConference Paper
Year of Publication2026
AuthorsLiu R., Hung C.Y., Majumder N., Herremans D., Poria S.
Conference NameEmpirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)
Conference LocationBudapest, Hungary
Abstract

Diffusion and flow-matching models have revolutionized automatic text-to-audio generation, increasingly capable of generating high-quality audio outputs for speech and acoustic events. However, creative audio generation involving music and songs still has room for improvement. Recent open lyrics-to-song models like DiffRhythm, ACE-Step, and LeVo have set an acceptable standard for recreational use but lack the fine-grained word-level controllability desired by musicians. To our knowledge, our flow-matching-based JAM is the first to provide word-level timing and duration control in song generation, enabling fine-grained vocal control. To better align generated songs with human preferences, we implement aesthetic alignment through Direct Preference Optimization, iteratively refining the model using a synthetic dataset without manual annotations. Additionally, we aim to standardize evaluation of lyrics-to-song models through our public evaluation dataset JAME. We demonstrate that JAM outperforms open models on music-specific attributes.

URLhttps://openreview.net/forum?id=3i1qFuRTYV